Todos Los Condicionales
Zero, First, Second and Third
Copyright ©2011 by N. J, Byrne.
Todos Los Condicionales
Noreen Byrne
Copyright 2011 by Noreen Byrne
Smashwords Edition
Cover Image: digitalart / FreeDigitalPhotos.net
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A very useful handbook for students & teachers with ready made lessons, answers, short stories.
© Noreen J. Byrne
1ª edición 2011.
The Total collection of “The Little English Handbooks” has been written and structured be Noreen J Byrne for the sole purpose of teaching English.
It is forbidden to copy or sell any part of this book without the Authors permission.
Spanish translation by Rafa Torres.
Cover design by Helen Duffy.
It is forbidden to copy or sell any part of these books or disks without the author´s written permission.
Noreen J. Byrne
Nativa de Irlanda. Profesora y escritora.
Diplomada en Inglés Literatura y Certificado T.E.F.L. + B.A DE Inglés. Tlf. 34666133777
www.disfrutaingles.wordpress.com
Free English lesson at www.lacronicavirtual.com
Cursos Inglés
Noreen J. Byrne
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The Zero conditional
Este condicional se refiere a una situación que es siempre verdadera (verdades universales): If you freeze water, it turns into ice (si congelas agua, se convierte en hielo).
La construcción del Zero conditional consiste en una frase encabezada por “si” o “cuando” en la que se expresa la condición y una oración principal en la que se indica qué ocurre cuando se cumple esa condición.
El Zero conditional utiliza siempre los verbos en presente.
If + Present tense + Present tense
If you sprain your ankle, It hurts.
Si te haces un esguince en el tobillo duele
If and when may be used in this form.
En esta construcción del condicional se puede utilizar tanto if como -when.
If you freeze water, it becomes ice.
Si congelas el agua, se convierte en hielo.
If Dylan cries his mum hears him.
Si Dylan llora su madre le oye.
If Rhys is hungry, he eats.
Si Rhys tiene hambre, come
If I write too much, I get tired.
Si escribo demasiado, me canso.
If Kristina studies too hard, she takes a walk.
Si Cristina estudia duro, dará un paseo.
If Phil plays well, I´m happy.
Si Phil juega bien, soy feliz.
If I have time, I usually go to the beach.
Si tengo tiempo, suelo ir a la playa playa.
Time is necessary, if we want to learn.
El tiempo es necesario, si queremos aprender.
If/when she eats cheese, she gets an allergy.
Si/cuando ella come queso, le da alergia.
If/when they don’t eat cheese they don’t get allergies.
Si/cuando no comen queso no les da alergia.
If you climb a mountain, you are brave and strong.
Si subes una montaña eres valiente y fuerte.
If the sun shines, it dries the clothes on the line.
Si brilla el sol se seca la ropa en el tendedero.
If/when they come here, they always bring a present.
Cuando vienen, siempre traen un regalo.
If/when I go to visit my son in Canada, I bring many gifts.
Cuando visito a mi hijo en Canadá, le llevo muchos regalos.
If/when he doesn't know what to say, he keeps silent.
Si el no sabe que decir, se mantiene en silencio.
If/when Rafa has time, he designs great book covers.
Si/cuando rafa tiene tiempo, diseña grandes portadas de libros.
El orden no importa.
La oración principal puede estar tanto al principio como al final de la frase, como se puede ver en algunos de los siguientes ejemplos.
El tipo de verdad que expresa este condicional, además de ser universal, puede ser algo que siempre ocurre cuando se producen determinadas circunstancias:
If you heat water at 100 degrees, it boils.
Si calientas agua a cien grados, hierve.
Water boils if you heat it at 100 degrees.
El agua hierve si la calientas a cien grados.
If we don´t drink we dehydrate (True Fact)
Si no bebemos, nos deshidratamos. (Verdad de hecho)
If traffic lights turn red, traffic stops. (Fact)
Si el semáforo de pone rojo, el tráfico se para. (Hecho)
When/ if we eat too much food we feel very full and uncomfortable. (Information)
Cuando/si comemos demasiada comida nos sentimos muy llenos y a disgusto. (Información)
Phosphorus burns if you expose it to air. (Scientific fact)
El fósforo arde si se expone al aire. (Hecho científico)
If we get very fat, it is difficult to run (obvious fact)
Si estamos gordos, es difícil correr (obviedad)
If/when I get this finished on time, I usually take a long leisurely soak in the bath.
Si acabo a tiempo, normalmente me doy un largo baño.
When/if there is no rain the earth is dry and life fails to continue (fact)
Cuando/si no llueve la tierra se seca y la vida se malogra. (Hecho)
Some metals rust if/when they get wet or damp. (Information)
Algunos metales se oxidan cuando/si se mojan o humedecen. (Información)
When/if we do not cut our hair it grows. (Obvious fact)
Cuando/si no lo cortamos, el pelo crece. (Obviedad)
If you mix red paint with white paint, it turns to pink paint. (Information)
Si mezclas pintura roja y blanca, las conviertes en pìntura rosa. (Información)
Exercises 1
1.- If you don´t -------- food, you get --------.
2.- When we -------- lies, we are being --------.
3.- If we don´t -------- our teeth our -------- stinks.
4.- If people don´t -------- money, they can -------- poor.
5.- When it -------- heavily it -------- floods.
6.- When -------- burst it --------.
7.- If people don´t take -------- of their pet, the pets -------- terribly.
8.- If students don´t-------- they don´t --------.
9.- If succeeding is in the --------, then the -------- is in the succeeding.
10.- If there -------- any doctors on duty we -------- problems.
Short story using zero condition
Ernesto and Sergio were having a wonderful day at the zoo and each boy decided to spend all their money on ice creams and sweets.
Yesterday was at a friend’s birthday party and they had eaten many sweet cakes, chocolate, crisps, and toffee march mellows. They also had a lot of lemonade.
Their parents were not happy about this and tried to explain to the boys about the dangers of eating too much junk food.
“Listen to me” said Ernesto´s mother, If I eat chocolate and ice cream every day I get fat, isn´t that right son?”
“Yes mum” said Ernesto, “but you don´t eat junk food, well, not often, and so you are not fat.”
Ernesto´s father said, if I smoke many cigarettes each day, I get ill, isn´t that right Ernesto?”
“Of course Father” said Ernesto however, you certainly don´t smoke so are perfectly healthy.”
Well said Sergio´s mum, I don´t want to speak of the future, and I don´t want to speak of the past, but I´m saying this, and it is very important, so listen carefully. If you eat too many sweets, you lose your teeth. If you grow new teeth and eat more sticky toffee, and eat more chewy sweets, and drink sweet drinks, you lose your teeth and get fat and then if you look in the mirror you see a boy with problems.
Sergio´s father said, “Wait a minute, If Sergio and Ernesto don´t eat junk food and eat healthy food like fruit and vegetables, then they are intelligent boys, healthy living boys, is that correct.”
“Exactly”, laughed Sergio. “You see, I seldom eat junk food. I know how to live well because my parents told me. They said, if you eat raw carrots, you see better in the dark. If you eat fish and chicken, you feel strong, like a donkey. If we eat apples instead of chocolate we get strong teeth.”
“Yes”-shouted Ernesto, “my dad said if I exercise I get healthy and if I study I get good grades. I like doing all these things because when I study I get a good feeling and when eat good food I feel full and energetic.”